#!/bin/cat # $Id: FAQ.General.txt,v 1.242 2019/12/11 20:28:33 gilles Exp gilles $ ======================================================================= General FAQ for imapsync ======================================================================= This document is also available online at https://imapsync.lamiral.info/FAQ.d/ https://imapsync.lamiral.info/FAQ.d/FAQ.General.txt Questions answered in this FAQ are: Q. Do I need to create IMAP mailboxes at the destination platform? Q. Am I forced to publish the IMAP service on the Internet since the two environment are not in the same location or same LAN? Q. What are the most important differences between the Unix shell syntax and the Windows batch syntax. Q. How to install imapsync? Q. How to use imapsync? Q. Can you give some configuration examples? Q. How can I have commercial support? Q. How can I have gratis support? Q. Where I can find old imapsync releases? Q. Where I can find free open and gratis imapsync releases? Q. Is is legal to find imapsync gratis (or not) elsewhere? Q. How "Facts and figures" are known https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#NUMBERS Q. I use --useuid which uses a cache in /tmp or --tmpdir, the hostnames host1 or host2 has changed but mailboxes are the same. Will imapsync generate duplicate messages on next runs? Q. How can I speed up transfers? Q. I see warning messages like the following: "Host1 Sent/15 size 1428 ignored (no header so we ignore this message. To solve this: use --addheader)". What can I do to transfer those messages? Q. How can I try imapsync with latest Mail::IMAPClient 3.xx perl module? Q. How can I use imapsync with Mail::IMAPClient 2.2.9 perl module? Q. How to verify imapsync.exe I got is the right file bit per bit? Q. Folders are not created on host2. What happens? Q. I am interested in creating a local clone of the IMAP on a LAN server for faster synchronizations, email will always be delivered to the remote server and so the synchronization will be one way - from remote to local. How suited is imapsync for continuous one-way synchronization of mailboxes? Is there a better solution? Q. I need to log every output on a file named log.txt Q. Quantifier in {,} bigger than 32766 in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/(.{ <-- HERE 1,49947})(?:,|$)/ at Mail/IMAPClient.pm line 2121. Q. Couldn't create [INBOX.Ops/foo/bar]: NO Invalid mailbox name: INBOX.Ops/foo/bar Q. Is it possible to sync also the UIDL of the POP3 server? Q. Is it possible to sync also the UIDs of the IMAP server? Q. The option --subscribe does not seem to work Q. With huge account (many messages) when it comes to reading the destination server it comes out this error: "To Folder [INBOX.foobar] Not connected" What can I do? Q. Can Imapsync filter Spam during the sync? Q. How to migrate from uw-imap with an admin/authuser account? Q. How to migrate from cyrus with an admin account? Q: How to migrate from Sun Java Enterprise System / Sun One / iPlanet / Netscape servers with an admin account? Q. Is there a way to delete the destination folder when the source folder is no longer there? Q. I would love to have a function to inject lines in the header. Things like "X-migrated-from-foo: 20100617" Q. I want to play with headers line and --regexmess but I want to leave the body as is. Q. My imap server does not accept a message and warns "Invalid header". What is the problem? Q. The contact folder isn't well copied. How to copy the contact folder? Q: How can I write an .rpm with imapsync Q. Where I can read up on the various IMAP RFCs? Now the questions again with their answers. ======================================================================= Q. Do I need to create IMAP mailboxes at the destination platform? R. Yes! Imapsync does only IMAP and there is no way to create an account with the standard IMAP protocol. So you have to create them first. ======================================================================= Q. Am I forced to publish the IMAP service on the Internet since the two environment are not in the same location or same LAN? R. The host where you run imapsync has to contact both servers via imap. You are not obliged to publish the imap service on the Internet if the host running imapsync can contact both imap servers via imap. Use their names or their IP addresses. ======================================================================= Q. What are the most important differences between the Unix shell syntax and the Windows batch syntax. R. There are several differences between Unix and Windows in the command line syntax. - Character \ on Unix versus ^ on Windows - Character ' on Unix versus " on Windows Details: A) \ versus ^ On Unix shells you can write a single command on multiple lines by using the escape character \ at the end of each line (except the last one). On Windows this character is ^ Unix example: ./imapsync \ --host1 imap.truc.org --user1 foo --password1 secret1 \ --host2 imap.trac.org --user2 bar --password2 secret2 Windows example: imapsync ^ --host1 imap.truc.org --user1 foo --password1 secret1 ^ --host2 imap.trac.org --user2 bar --password2 secret2 Of course you can write the command on a single line without characters \ nor ^. I use them because the output is better, no truncation, pretty print. It's just sugar! In this FAQ I use \ for examples. Transcript to ^ if you're on a Windows system. B) Quote vs Double-quote, ie ' versus " On Windows the single quote character ' doesn't work like on Unix so in the examples of this FAQ the command containing single quotes ' will fail on Windows. To fix this, just replace single quotes ' by double quotes " Also on Windows, in examples with \$1, replace any \$1 by $1 (remove the \ before $). ======================================================================= Q. How to install imapsync? R. Read the INSTALL files in the tarball. also available at https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#doc https://imapsync.lamiral.info/INSTALL.d/ ======================================================================= Q. How to use imapsync? R. Read the TUTORIAL_Unix.txt file, maybe the README and, if you encounter problems, the FAQ.d/* files in the tarball. All are also available and updated at: https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#doc ======================================================================= Q. Can you give some configuration examples? R1. Basic usage is described there: https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#DOC_BASIC It is: imapsync --host1 test1.lamiral.info --user1 test1 --password1 secret1 \ --host2 test2.lamiral.info --user2 test2 --password2 secret2 R2. Some FAQ files contains many examples for several scenarios https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#doc (Gmail, Office365, Exchange, Darwin, etc.) ======================================================================= Q. How can I have commercial support? R. Buy support from imapsync author: Gilles LAMIRAL https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#buy_all ======================================================================= Q. How can I have gratis support? R. Write to the imapsync author: Gilles LAMIRAL https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#AUTHOR I help all users as long as I have time to help them all, users who bought the support get my help first. ======================================================================= Q. Where I can find old imapsync releases? R. Search the internet or ask the author. ======================================================================= Q. Where I can find free open and gratis imapsync releases? R. Search the internet or ask the author. Q. Is is legal to find imapsync gratis (or not) elsewhere? R. Yes, the license permits it https://imapsync.lamiral.info/NOLIMIT ======================================================================= Q. How "Facts and figures" are known https://imapsync.lamiral.info/#NUMBERS R. To know wether a newer imapsync exists or not, imapsync does a http GET to http://imapsync.lamiral.info/VERSION Via the User-agent parameter it also send: * imapsync release * Perl version * Mail::IMAPClient version * Operating System You can remove this behavior by adding option --noreleasecheck on the command line (or by setting $releasecheck = 0 in the source code) or by using the github release. ======================================================================= Q. I use --useuid which uses a cache in /tmp or --tmpdir, the hostnames host1 or host2 has changed but mailboxes are the same. Will imapsync generate duplicate messages on next runs? R. Yes Q. How can I fix this? R. The cache path reflects exactly hostnames or ip addresses given via --host1 and --host2 values. So just change the directory names of host1 or host2. Use --dry to see if next runs will generate duplicates. By default on Unix the cache is like /tmp/imapsync_cache/host1/user1/host2/user2/... ======================================================================= Q. How can I speed up transfers? R. By using --useuid imapsync avoid getting messages headers and build a cache. On Unix a good thing is to add also --tmpdir /var/tmp to keep the cache since /tmp is often cleared on reboot. imapsync ... --useuid On Unix: imapsync ... --useuid --tmpdir /var/tmp/ R. Add also --nofoldersizes since the default behavior is to compute folder sizes. Folder sizes are useless for the transfer, just useful to see what has to be done on each folder and guess when the transfer will end (ETA). R. Add also --noexpungeaftereach if you use --delete1. But be warn that an interrupted transfer can lose messages on host2 in a second run if you use a (silly) combination like: imapsync ... --delete1 --noexpunge1 --noexpungeaftereach --expunge2 Notes about --useuid Case where building the cache first is necessary (to avoid multiples transfers) If you run again imapsync with --useuid on a transfer already done without --useuid then, to avoid messages be copied again, first run imapsync with --usecache but without --useuid, example scenario: A] Running with the default options, I began without --useuid 1) First run with default options imapsync ... Too slow, I want to speed up! 2) Build the cache imapsync ... --usecache 3) Speed up now imapsync ... --useuid B] I began with --useuid from the first time 1) First run and next runs with --useuid imapsync ... --useuid Inodes number issue. The cache is simple, it uses the file-system natively, it's just an empty file per message transfered. When mailboxes are huge the cache can exhaust the number of inodes allowed in the filesystem, that's a limitation like limitation size but it's less often encountered. On Unix, to predict whether your tmpdir filesystem used by imapsync will support the whole cache, just run the command "df -i /var/tmp", if /var/tmp is the --tmpdir argument. On windows, search and drop me a note about how to count the number of files allowed in the filesystem. It seems FAT32 supports 268 435 445 clusters. Choosing the number of inodes allowed by a filesystem can be done at the creation of it with "mkfs -N number-of-inodes ..." imapsync can predict how many messages have to be synced with the option --justfoldersizes (no transfer will be done) imapsync ... --justfoldersizes ======================================================================= Q. I see warning messages like the following: "Host1 Sent/15 size 1428 ignored (no header so we ignore this message. To solve this: use --addheader)". What can I do to transfer those messages? R1. Like suggested inline, use --addheader option. Option --addheader will add an header line like Message-Id: <15@imapsync> where 15 is the message UID number on host1. Then imapsync will transfer the changed message on host2. Duplicates won't happen on next runs. imapsync ... --addheader R2. Other solution. Use --useuid then imapsync will avoid dealing with headers. imapsync ... --useuid ======================================================================= Q. How can I try imapsync with latest Mail::IMAPClient 3.xx perl module? Three solutions at least. R1 - Look at the script named "i3" in the tarball, it can be used to run imapsync with the included Mail-IMAPClient-3.39/ wherever you unpacked the imapsync tarball R2 Run: cpanm Mail::IMAPClient # this uses cpanminus or cpan -i Mail::IMAPClient or perl -MCPAN -e "install Mail::IMAPClient" R3 If you want to install the Perl module locally in a directory - Download latest Mail::IMAPClient 3.xx at http://search.cpan.org/dist/Mail-IMAPClient/ - untar it anywhere: tar xzvf Mail-IMAPClient-3.xx.tar.gz - Get any imapsync (latest is better). - run imapsync with perl and -I option tailing to use the perl module Mail-IMAPClient-3.xx. Example: perl -I./Mail-IMAPClient-3.39/lib ./imapsync ... or if imapsync is in directory /path/ perl -I./Mail-IMAPClient-3.39/lib /path/imapsync ... ======================================================================= Q. How can I use imapsync with Mail::IMAPClient 2.2.9 perl module? R. Mail::IMAPClient 2.2.9 is no longer supported. ======================================================================= Q. How to verify imapsync.exe I got is the right file bit per bit? R. Use md5sum to check integrity of the file. Get md5sum.exe at http://etree.org/md5com.html md5sum imapsync.exe Then compare the checksum with the one given by the author. ======================================================================= Q. Folders are not created on host2. What happens? R. Do you use IMAP or POP3 with your client software? It looks like you use POP3 instead of IMAP, POP3 sees only INBOX. ======================================================================= Q. I am interested in creating a local clone of the IMAP on a LAN server for faster synchronizations, email will always be delivered to the remote server and so the synchronization will be one way - from remote to local. How suited is imapsync for continuous one-way synchronization of mailboxes? Is there a better solution? R. If messages are delivered remotely and you play locally with the copy, in order to have fast access, then the synchronization can't be one way. You may change flags, you may move messages in different folders etc. The issue described is clearly two-ways sync. A better tool with this scenario is offlineimap, designed for this issue, and faster than imapsync. ======================================================================= Q. I need to log every output on a file named log.txt R1. imapsync logs on a file by default, its name is given at the beginning and the end of each run. This name is unique since it is compound of the current date and time and user2 value. R2. To change this default name, use --logfile log.txt imapsync ... --logfile log.txt ======================================================================= Q. Quantifier in {,} bigger than 32766 in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/(.{ <-- HERE 1,49947})(?:,|$)/ at Mail/IMAPClient.pm line 2121. R. Do not use a bigger value than 3276 with --split1 or --split2 ======================================================================= Q. Couldn't create [INBOX.Ops/foo/bar]: NO Invalid mailbox name: INBOX.Ops/foo/bar Let begin by an explanation. Example: sep1 = / sep2 = . imapsync reverts each separator automatically. a) All / character coming from host1 are converted to . (convert the separator) b) All . character coming from host1 are converted to / (to avoid intermediate unwanted folder creation). So INBOX/Ops.foo.bar (Ops.foo.bar is just one folder name) will be translated to INBOX.Ops/foo/bar Sometimes the sep1 character is not valid on host2 (character "/" usually) R. Try : --regextrans2 "s,/,X,g" It'll convert / character to X Choose X as you wish: _ or SEP or any string (including the empty string). This issue is automatically fixed by default since imapsync release 1.513, use --nofixslash2 to suppress the fix. ======================================================================= Q. Is it possible to sync also the UIDL of the POP3 server? R. imapsync doesn't talk POP3 but I think you mean UID in IMAP. See next question. ======================================================================= Q. Is it possible to sync also the UIDs of the IMAP server? R. UIDs in IMAP are chosen and created by the server, not by the client software. imapsync is a client software. So UIDs cannot be synced by any imap method. UIDs may be synced via a rsync command between the imap servers but it implies they are the same software, among other constraints. ======================================================================= Q. The option --subscribe does not seem to work R1. Use it with --subscribed R2. There is also the --subscribe_all option that subscribe to all folders on host2. ======================================================================= Q. With huge account (many messages) when it comes to reading the destination server it comes out this error: "To Folder [INBOX.foobar] Not connected" What can I do? R. May be spending too much time on the source server, the connection timed out on the destination server. Try options --nofoldersizes ====================================================================== Q. Can Imapsync filter Spam during the sync? R. No, imapsync doesn't detect Spam by itself. But I've seen blogs and Spamassassin documentation explaining solutions to apply Spamassassin to a imap mailbox. So you can apply one of these solutions on the host1 source mailbox before the imapsync run or on the destination host2 mailbox after the imapsync transfer. http://www.stearns.org/doc/spamassassin-setup.current.html#isbg http://euer.krebsco.de/using-spamassassin-on-a-remote-imap-host.html https://github.com/ook/isbg Imapsync can delegate this job during its IMAP syncs via the --pipemess option but the underlying spam tool has to be written. ====================================================================== Q. How to migrate from uw-imap with an admin/authuser account? R. Use the following syntax: imapsync ... --user1="loginuser*admin_user" --password1 "admin_user_password" ====================================================================== Q. How to migrate from cyrus with an admin account? R. Use: imapsync ... \ --authuser1 admin_user ----password1 admin_user_password \ --user1 foo_user --ssl1 Instead of --ssl1 the alternative --tls1 can be used. With --authuser1, the option --authmech1 PLAIN is set automatically, you don't have to add it. PLAIN authentication is the only way to go with --authuser1 for now. So don't use --authmech1 SOMETHING with --authuser1 admin_user, it will not work. Same behavior with the --authuser2 option. Do not forget the option --ssl1 or --tls1 since PLAIN auth is only supported with ssl encryption most of the time. But it can work without --ssl1 nor --tls1 if PLAIN is permitted in clear text transmissions (the normal mode). Add the AdminAccount to admins line in /etc/imapd.conf Give AdminAccount lrswipkxtecda to the Cyrus Imap account being migrated from, "joe" here. Here is an example: imapsync \ --host1 server1 \ --user1 joe \ --authuser1 AdminAccount \ --password1 AdminAccountPassword \ --ssl1 \ --host2 server2 \ --user2 joe \ --password2 joespassonserver2 \ --exclude "^user\." ====================================================================== Q: How to migrate from Sun Java Enterprise System / Sun One / iPlanet / Netscape servers with an admin account? R: Those imap servers don't allow the typical use of --authuser1 to use an administrative account. They expect the use of an IMAP command called proxyauth that is issued after login in as an administrative account. For example, consider the administrative account 'administrator' and your real user 'real_user'. The IMAP sequence would be: OK [CAPABILITY IMAP4 IMAP4rev1 ACL QUOTA LITERAL+ NAMESPACE UIDPLUS CHILDREN BINARY UNSELECT LANGUAGE STARTTLS XSENDER X-NETSCAPE XSERVERINFO AUTH=PLAIN] imap.server IMAP4 service (Sun Java(tm) System Messaging Server ...)) 1 LOGIN administrator password 1 OK User logged in 2 PROXYAUTH real_user 2 OK Completed In imapsync, you can achieve this by using the following options: --host1 source.imap.server \ --user1 real_user \ --authuser1 administrator \ --proxyauth1 \ --passfile admin.txt ====================================================================== Q. Is there a way to delete the destination folder when the source folder is no longer there? R. Yes, use --delete2folders --delete2folders : Delete folders in host2 that are not in host1 server. For safety, first try it like this (it is safe): --delete2folders --dry --justfolders --nofoldersizes --delete2foldersonly : Deleted only folders matching regex. Example: --delete2foldersonly "/^Junk$|^INBOX.Junk$/" --delete2foldersbutnot : Do not delete folders matching regex. Example: --delete2foldersbutnot "/Tasks$|Contacts$|Foo$/" ======================================================================= Q. I would love to have a function to inject lines in the header. Things like "X-migrated-from-foo: 20100617" R. You can do that with: imapsync ... --regexmess 's/\A/X-migrated-from-foo: 20100617\n/' It will insert a first header line containing "X-migrated-from-foo: 20100617" ======================================================================= Q. I want to play with headers line and --regexmess but I want to leave the body as is. R. The header/body separation is a blank line so an example: --regexmess 's{\A(.*?(?! ^$))^Date:(.*?)$}{$1Date:$2\nX-Date:$2}gxms' Will replace the next three lines Message-ID: <499EF800.4030002@blabla.fr> Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2009 19:35:44 +0100 From: Gilles LAMIRAL by the next four lines Message-ID: <499EF800.4030002@blabla.fr> Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2009 19:35:44 +0100 X-Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2009 19:35:44 +0100 From: Gilles LAMIRAL This example just add an header line "X-Date:" based on "Date:" line. ======================================================================= Q. My imap server does not accept a message and warns "Invalid header". What is the problem? R. You fall in the classical mbox versus Maildir/ format problem. May be you use a misconfigured procmail rule. A header beginning like the following one is in the mbox format, header line 1 has no colon behind "From", header lines 2 through N do have a colon : From foo@yoyo.org Sat Jun 22 01:10:21 2002 Return-Path: Received: ... Any Maildir/ configured imap server may refuse this message since its header is invalid. The first "From " line is not valid. It lacks a colon character ":". To solve this issue you have several solutions a) Remove manually this first "From " line for each message before using imapsync. b) Replace manually the whitespace by a colon in string "From " but you might end with two "From:" lines (just have a look at the other header lines of the message) c) Run imapsync with the following option (this replaces "From "by "From:"): --regexmess 's/\AFrom /From: /' or may be better (no other "From:" collision): d) Run imapsync with the following option (this replaces "From "by "X-om:"): --regexmess 's/\AFrom /X-From: /' e) Run imapsync with the following option (this removes the whole "From " line): --regexmess 's{\AFrom\ [^\n]*(\n)?}{}gxms' Solution e) is solution a) made by imapsync itself. Solutions c) and d) keep "From " lines information (normally it's useless to keep them) Best solutions are e) or d). ======================================================================= Q. The contact folder isn't well copied. How to copy the contact folder? R. Forget the destination server (choose the same) Change the script around line 1426 # ITSD $new_id = $from->copy($t_fold,$f_msg); #$new_id = $to->append_string($t_fold,$string, $flags_f, $d); and tried a copy of the mail instead an append_string. Because we are using the same server, we can use $from->copy Therefore we seem to not download and upload the message and therefore we do not have any format issues. And now it works fine. (Thanks to Hansjoerg.Maurer) ====================================================================== Q: How can I write an .rpm with imapsync R. You'll find an RPM imapsync.spec file in the directory learn/rpm/ It has been downloaded from https://svn.fysik.dtu.dk/projects/rpmbuild/trunk/SPECS/imapsync.spec It has been tested with imapsync 1.434 (May 2011) on CentOS5 and RedHat RHEL5 Linux. (Thanks to Ole Holm Nielsen). This imapsync.spec is coming from Neil Brown work in 2007. ======================================================================= Q. Where I can read up on the various IMAP RFCs? R. Here: RFC 3501 - INTERNET MESSAGE ACCESS PROTOCOL - VERSION 4rev1 http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3501.html RFC 2683 - IMAP4 Implementation Recommendations http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2683.html RFC 2595 - Using TLS with IMAP, POP3 and ACAP http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2595.html RFC 2822 - Internet Message Format http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2822.html RFC 2342 - IMAP4 Namespace http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2342.html RFC 2180 - IMAP4 Multi-Accessed Mailbox Practice http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2180.html RFC 4549 - Synchronization Operations for Disconnected IMAP4 Clients http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc4549.html ======================================================================= =======================================================================